Medium 5.5Known exploited (CISA KEV)Published Sep 21, 2023

CVE-2023-41991A certificate validation issue was addressed.

Updated under an hour ago (Oct 28, 2026, 5:00 AM ET)

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It affects Apple iOS and iPadOS and 3 other products. Add what you run to find out whether that includes you.

CISA lists it as known exploited since Sep 25, 2023; federal agencies had to remediate by Oct 16, 2023. Treat that date as your deadline.

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Every CVE for Apple iOS and iPadOS

Exploited in the last 30 days

A certificate validation issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.6, iOS 16.7 and iPadOS 16.7. A malicious app may be able to bypass signature validation. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 16.7.

CVSS: 5.5 MEDIUM (v3.1, CISA ADP)CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Weakness (CWE): CWE-295
Known exploited: Added to CISA KEV Sep 25, 2023; federal remediation due Oct 16, 2023Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
EPSS (exploitation in the next 30 days): 13.38% (percentile 96)
Assigned by: apple
NVD analysis: Analyzed
Record last updated: Nov 4, 2025
First seen by InfoSec Signals: Oct 9, 2026

Affected products

Affected products

Apple iOS and iPadOS apple:ios_and_ipados (from the name)	from unspecified before 16.7	CNA record
Apple macOS apple:macos (from the name)	from unspecified before 13.6	CNA record
apple ipados apple:ipados	before 16.7; 17.0	NVD
apple iphone_os apple:iphone_os	before 16.7; 17.0	NVD
apple macos apple:macos	from 13.0 before 13.6	NVD

References

References

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213927	vendor-advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213931	vendor-advisory
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213927	vendor-advisory
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213931	vendor-advisory
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-41991	us-government-resource

The CVE record on cve.org NVD's entry

The CVE record is authoritative. Products marked “from the name” were identified from the CNA's free-text names, not a CPE, and are matched less certainly. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.